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The Diamond is the hardest mineral in the world.
It is also the most popular gem stone in the world.
Diamonds come in many different grades, from industrial grade through to the highest grade gem stones available.
Diamonds are generally clear or devoid of color, although some colored diamonds do exist.
Colored natural diamonds are very rare and very expensive.
Diamonds are made from crystallized carbon.
Diamonds formed on earth are a cubic crystal mineral.
A diamond like material found in meteorites forms as a hexagonal crystal mineral.
Diamonds are formed under extreme geological conditions.
Conditions where temperature is greater than 800 degrees Celsius and 50,000 times atmospheric pressure.
These conditions exist 150km below the surface of the earth.
Only volcanic action brings diamonds to the surface of the earth.
The leading source of diamonds was India up until the eighteenth century.
Today the main source of diamonds is Australia with the worlds largest diamond mine at Argyle.
Australia produces most of the pink diamonds in the world, and a variety of other colored diamonds.
But Australia produces a large amount of industrial grade diamonds.
The largest producer of gem grade diamonds is Africa, with Nambia the number on producer.
Diamonds primarily come from Russia, Australia, Africa, India and Brazil.
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